Cell cultures
Growing cells in a controlled environment, we primarily utilise this method for 3D cultures, co-cultures for in vitro drug testing in mimicked liver.
Immunostaining
Antibody based identification of cellular proteins for verifying specific properties, spheroids are fixed, cryo-sectioned and added to slides. Slides are then immunostained and analysed using confocal microscopy
https://www.bdbiosciences.com/en-eu/learn/applications/immunohistochemistry?tab=Overview
OMICs
OMICs is a term for different approaches in terms of analysing cellular function and activation. This includes genomics study of the entire genome. Transcriptomics study RNA expression focussing on patterns in gene expression. Proteomics, the study of proteins, their structures, functions and interactions, identifying biomarkers and signalling pathways. Metabolomics investigates metabolic pathways to understand disease, treatment and environmental effects.
https://frontlinegenomics.com/the-rise-and-fall-of-genomics/
Bioinformatics
Combining technologies from both data science and biology to better understand and interpret big datasets. Especially useful for interpreting genomics since these datasets are vast and info heavy.
https://www.genomicseducation.hee.nhs.uk/education/core-concepts/what-is-bioinformatics/